Chronic Pain Syndromes — Flashcards

Flashcard 1: TENS is contraindicated in patients with _____

Answer: pacemakers

Flashcard 2: _____ block is used for pain relief in chronic pancreatitis as well as pancreatic carcinoma

Answer: Celiac plexus

Flashcard 3: Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) also increases levels of neurotransmitters such as _____ and enkephalins

Answer: endorphins

Flashcard 4: What kind of pain (musculoskeletal/neurogenic) can be managed using transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS)?_____

Answer: Both

Flashcard 5: What is the main disadvantage of cryotherapy (cryoneurolysis)?

Answer: Post-procedure neuralgia (Neuritis)

Extra: Cryoneurolysis (cryotherapy in pain management) involves the application of extreme cold (-60°C to -100°C) to achieve a reversible nerve block. While it avoids the risk of permanent neuroma (unlike phenol/alcohol), the main disadvantage is the potential for post-procedure neuralgia or neuritis, occurring in about 5-10% of cases.

Flashcard 6: _____ is an IV anesthetic that can be used to reduce postoperative pain

Answer: Ketamine

Flashcard 7: The concentration of bupivacaine used in post-operative analgesia is _____%.

Answer: 0.1-0.25