Goal-Directed Fluid Therapy — Flashcards

Flashcard 1: **Venturi masks** (and anesthesia breathing circuits) are _____ flow fixed performance systems

Answer: high

Flashcard 2: During hysteroscopy or similar endoscopic procedures using electrolyte-containing irrigation media, what is the fluid deficit threshold for terminating the procedure in young, healthy patients?

Answer: 2500 mL

Extra: For procedures like hysteroscopy using isotonic (electrolyte-containing) media such as normal saline: - Healthy/young patients: 2500 mL deficit limit. - Patients with comorbidities (cardiovascular, renal): 1500 mL deficit limit. For non-electrolyte media (e.g., glycine, sorbitol, mannitol), the limit is lower (1000 mL) due to the risk of hyponatremia and TURP-like syndrome.

Flashcard 3: Target MAP in patients of polytrauma on vasopressor therapy is _____ mmHg

Answer: 65

Flashcard 4: _____ lowers IOP to levels lower than those achieved with other agents.

Answer: Sevoflurane (general anesthetic)

Flashcard 5: Rhythmic ripples on the expiratory plateau of a capnogram that coincide with the heart rate represent: _____

Answer: Cardiac oscillations

Extra: Cardiac oscillations are rhythmic ripples seen on the capnography waveform (usually in the expiratory plateau or descending limb) that coincide with the patient's heart rate. They are caused by the mechanical action of the heart beating against the lungs, causing small volumes of gas to move. They are more common in pediatric patients and those with slow respiratory rates.

Flashcard 6: _____ Ventilation is time-triggered, time-cycled, and pressure-limited.

Answer: Pressure Controlled

Flashcard 7: _____ is a fixed performance device which delivers a fixed concentration of oxygen (FiO2), irrespective of the patient efforts.

Answer: Venturi mask

Flashcard 8: _____flurane can produce increased blood pressure and heart rate when the concentrations are rapidly increased

Answer: Des