Head — Flashcards

Flashcard 71: The transverse diameter of the middle ear at the level of _____, i.e., 2 mm

Answer: mesotympanum

Flashcard 72: The structures piercing through the buccinator muscle are as follows: _____, Buccal nerve (branch of Mandibular nerve), and Molar mucous glands.

Answer: Parotid duct

Flashcard 73: Passavant ridge is formed by _____ and superior constrictor muscles.

Answer: palatopharyngeus

Flashcard 74: All the muscles of the soft palate are supplied by the _____, except for tensor veli palatini which supplied by the mandibular nerve.

Answer: pharyngeal plexus

Flashcard 75: Relations of parotid gland:Apex is directed _____ and is related to the posterior belly of the digastric and carotid triangle.

Answer: downwards

Flashcard 76: Relations of parotid gland:Superior surface is related to the _____ and posterior part of the temporomandibular joint.

Answer: external acoustic meatus

Flashcard 77: The layers of scalp from outward to inward (SCALP mnemonic): S: _____ C: Connective tissue (superficial fascia) with blood vessels and nerves A: Aponeurosis (galea aponeurotica) with occipitofrontalis muscle L: Loose areolar (subaponeurotic) tissue P: Pericranium

Answer: Skin

Flashcard 78: Structures passing through the **anterior compartment** of the **foramen magnum**: - Odontoid process (Dens) - Apical ligament of the dens - _____ ligament - Alar ligaments - Membrana tectoria

Answer: Vertical (upper) band of cruciate

Extra: The **foramen magnum** is divided into two compartments: 1. **Anterior compartment (Osteo-ligamentous):** Contains the Odontoid process (Dens), Apical ligament of the dens, Vertical (upper) band of the cruciate ligament, Alar ligaments, and Membrana tectoria. 2. **Posterior compartment (Neurovascular):** Contains the Medulla oblongata (and meninges), Vertebral arteries, Spinal roots of the accessory nerve (CN XI), and Anterior/Posterior spinal arteries.

Flashcard 79: Cephalhematoma is a _____periosteal bleed, whereas subgaleal hematoma is a supraperiosteal bleed (supra/sub)

Answer: sub

Flashcard 80: _____ canal is located at the petrous apex of the temporal bone and is formed by the Petroclinoid ligament/Gruber's ligament.

Answer: Dorello's