Abdomen — Flashcards

Flashcard 51: Intercostal nerves _____ and T8 supply the upper parts of the external oblique muscle of the abdominal wall.

Answer: T7

Extra: The **external oblique** muscle is supplied by the **lower six thoracic nerves** (T7–T12). - **T7–T11:** Thoraco-abdominal nerves (continuations of the lower intercostal nerves). - **T12:** Subcostal nerve. While the external oblique originates from the outer surfaces of the 5th to 12th ribs, the motor innervation of the abdominal wall muscles is generally described as starting from the **T7** spinal level (corresponding to the epigastrium/xiphoid area).

Flashcard 52: The retroperitoneal structures of the abdomen may be remembered with the mnemonic "SAD PUCKER": **S**: _____ **A**: Aorta and IVC **D**: Duodenum (parts 2 through 4) **P**: Pancreas (except tail) **U**: Ureters **C**: Colon (ascending and descending) **K**: Kidneys **E**: Esophagus **R**: Rectum (partially)

Answer: Suprarenal (adrenal) glands

Flashcard 53: The external iliac artery gives off two branches which emerge immediately proximal to the _____:- inferior epigastric artery which branches medially- deep circumflex iliac artery which branches laterally

Answer: inguinal ligament

Flashcard 54: The greater omentum is formed by the _____ and gastrosplenic ligaments

Answer: gastrocolic

Flashcard 55: _____ inguinal hernias herniate lateral to the inferior epigastric vessels

Answer: Indirect

Flashcard 56: The root of the mesentry runs diagonally from _____ on the left side of the L2 vertebral body to the right sacroiliac joint.

Answer: the duodenojejunal flexure

Flashcard 57: The _____ gives rise to the external spermatic fascia of the spermatic cord

Answer: external oblique

Flashcard 58: _____ ligament is also called Gimbernat's ligament.

Answer: Lacunar

Flashcard 59: The lesser omentum is formed by the _____ and hepatoduodenal ligaments

Answer: gastrohepatic

Flashcard 60: Posterior relations of the ureter in the abdominal cavity:1. _____2. Psoas major3. Genitofemoral nerve

Answer: End of the common iliac artery or beginning of the external iliac artery