A 56-year-old previously healthy woman with no other past medical history is post-operative day one from an open reduction and internal fixation of a fractured right radius and ulna after a motor vehicle accident. What is one of the primary ways of preventing postoperative pneumonia in this patient?
AShallow breathing exercises
BIncentive spirometry
COutpatient oral antibiotics
DHyperbaric oxygenation
EIn-hospital intravenous antibiotics
Two hours after admission to the intensive care unit, a 56-year-old man with necrotizing pancreatitis develops profound hypotension. His blood pressure is 80/50 mm Hg and he is started on vasopressors. A central venous access line is placed. Which of the following is most likely to decrease the risk of complications from this procedure?
APlacement of the central venous line in the femoral vein
BReplacement of the central venous line every 7-10 days
CInitiation of anticoagulation after placement
DPreparation of the skin with chlorhexidine and alcohol
EInitiation of periprocedural systemic antibiotic prophylaxis
A 62-year-old man comes to the physician because of an oozing skin ulceration on his foot for 1 week. He has a history of type 2 diabetes mellitus and does not adhere to his medication regimen. Physical exam shows purulent discharge from an ulcer on the dorsum of his left foot. Pinprick sensation is decreased bilaterally to the level of the mid-tibia. A culture of the wound grows beta-hemolytic, coagulase-positive cocci in clusters. The causal organism most likely produces which of the following virulence factors?
AExotoxin A
BM protein
CP fimbriae
DIgA protease
EProtein A
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