A 76-year-old woman is brought to the physician because of lesions on her left arm. She first noticed them 3 months ago and they have grown larger since that time. She has not had any pain or pruritus in the area. She has a history of invasive ductal carcinoma of the left breast, which was treated with mastectomy and radiation therapy 27 years ago. Since that time, she has had lymphedema of the left arm. Physical examination shows extensive edema of the left arm. There are four coalescing, firm, purple-blue nodules on the left lateral axillary region and swelling of the surrounding skin. Which of the following is the most likely diagnosis?
AThrombophlebitis
BCellulitis
CMelanoma
DAngiosarcoma
EKaposi sarcoma
A 60-year-old woman is rushed to the emergency room after falling on her right elbow while walking down the stairs. She cannot raise her right arm. Her vital signs are stable, and the physical examination reveals loss of sensation over the upper lateral aspect of the right arm and shoulder. A radiologic evaluation shows a fracture of the surgical neck of the right humerus. Which of the following muscles is supplied by the nerve that is most likely damaged?
ATeres minor
BTeres major
CSubscapularis
DInfraspinatus
ESupraspinatus
A 59-year-old woman presents to her primary care provider with a 6-month history of progressive left-arm swelling. Two years ago she had a partial mastectomy and axillary lymph node dissection for left breast cancer. She was also treated with radiotherapy at the time. Upon further questioning, she denies fever, pain, or skin changes, but reports difficulty with daily tasks because her hand feels heavy and weak. She is bothered by the appearance of her enlarged extremity and has stopped playing tennis. On physical examination, nonpitting edema of the left arm is noted with hyperkeratosis, papillomatosis, and induration of the skin. Limb elevation, exercise, and static compression bandaging are started. If the patient has no improvement, which of the following will be the best next step?
ADiethylcarbamazine
BLow molecular weight heparin
CEndovascular stenting
DVascularized lymph node transfer
EAntibiotics
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