Which region of the nephron reabsorbs the highest percentage of filtered bicarbonate?
ACollecting duct
BThick ascending limb
CDistal tubule
DProximal tubule
A patient presents with periods of severe headaches and flushing however every time they have come to the physician they have not experienced any symptoms. The only abnormal finding is a blood pressure of 175 mmHg/100 mmHg. It is determined that the optimal treatment for this patient is surgical. Prior to surgery which of the following noncompetitive inhibitors should be administered?
APhentolamine
BIsoproterenol
CAtropine
DPropranolol
EPhenoxybenzamine
A 47-year-old man with bipolar I disorder and hypertension comes to the physician because of a 2-week history of increased thirst, urinary frequency, and sleep disturbance. He says that he now drinks up to 30 cups of water daily. He has smoked 2 packs of cigarettes daily for the past 20 years. Examination shows decreased skin turgor. Serum studies show a sodium concentration of 149 mEq/L, a potassium concentration of 4.1 mEq/L, and an elevated antidiuretic hormone concentration. His urine osmolality is 121 mOsm/kg H2O. Which of the following is the most likely explanation for these findings?
ATumor in the adrenal cortex
BAdverse effect of a medication
CParaneoplastic production of a hormone
DPolydipsia caused by acute psychosis
ETumor of the pituitary gland
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