A 55-year-old woman presents to a physician’s clinic for a diabetes follow-up. She recently lost weight and believes the diabetes is ‘winding down’ because the urinary frequency has slowed down compared to when her diabetes was "at its worst". She had been poorly compliant with medications, but she is now asking if she can decrease her medications as she feels like her diabetes is improving. Due to the decrease in urinary frequency, the physician is interested in interrogating her renal function. Which substance can be used to most accurately assess the glomerular filtration rate (GFR) in this patient?
APara-aminohippurate (PAH)
BGlucose
CInulin
DUrea
ECreatinine
Which factor most strongly influences protein filtration at the glomerulus?
AElectrical charge
BMolecular size
CShape
DTemperature
A 64-year-old African American female comes to the physician's office for a routine check-up. The patient's past medical history is significant for hypertension, diabetes, and osteoarthritis in her right knee. Her medications include metformin, glimepiride, lisinopril, metoprolol, hydrochlorothiazide, and ibuprofen as needed. Her only complaint is an unremitting cough that started about 3 weeks ago and she has noticed some swelling around her mouth. The drug most likely responsible for her recent symptoms causes its primary renal hemodynamic effect on which part of the kidney?
ACollecting duct
BDistal convoluted tubule
CJuxtaglomerular cells
DEfferent arteriole
EAfferent arteriole
+ 7 more in the PDF
Browse all chapters