A peripheral artery is found to have 50% stenosis (50% reduction in cross-sectional area). Therefore, compared to a normal artery with no stenosis, by what factor has the flow of blood been decreased?
A8
B2
C32
D16
E4
During exercise, what is the primary mechanism for increased oxygen delivery to active muscles?
ADecreased blood viscosity
BIncreased cardiac output
CIncreased hemoglobin affinity
DEnhanced oxygen diffusion
In the coronary steal phenomenon, vessel dilation is paradoxically harmful because blood is diverted from ischemic areas of the myocardium. Which of the following is responsible for the coronary steal phenomenon?
AVenodilation
BMicrovessel dilation
CDilation of the large coronary arteries
DSystemic arterial dilation
EVolume loss of fluid in the periphery
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