A previously healthy 61-year-old man comes to the physician because of bilateral knee pain for the past year. The pain is worse with movement and is relieved with rest. Physical examination shows crepitus, pain, and decreased range of motion with complete flexion and extension of both knees. There is no warmth, redness, or swelling. X-rays of both knees show irregular joint space narrowing, osteophytes, and subchondral cysts. Which of the following is the most appropriate pharmacotherapy?
AAllopurinol
BNaproxen
CCelecoxib
DInfliximab
EPrednisone
A 62-year-old woman is hospitalized for an open reduction of a fracture of her right femur following a motor vehicle accident 2 hours prior. She has had rheumatoid arthritis for 12 years. She was hospitalized 1 month ago for an exacerbation of rheumatoid arthritis. Since then, she has been taking a higher dose of prednisone to control the flare. Her other medications include calcium supplements, methotrexate, and etanercept. She has had appropriate nutrition over the years with regular follow-ups with her healthcare providers. Her vital signs are within normal limits. Cardiovascular examination shows no abnormalities. In order to reduce the risk of post-operative wound failure, which of the following is the most appropriate modification in this patient’s drug regimen?
AReplacing prednisone with hydrocortisone
BApplying topical vitamin C
CAdding zinc supplementation
DDiscontinuing steroids before surgery
EIncreasing prednisone dose initially and tapering rapidly after 3 days
A researcher is studying physiologic and hormonal changes that occur during pregnancy. Specifically, they examine the behavior of progesterone over the course of the menstrual cycle and find that it normally decreases over time; however, during pregnancy this decrease does not occur in the usual time frame. The researcher identifies a circulating factor that appears to be responsible for this difference in progesterone behavior. In order to further examine this factor, the researcher denatures the circulating factor and examines the sizes of its components on a western blot as compared to several other hormones. One of the bands the researcher identifies in this circulating factor is identical to that of another known hormone with which of the following sites of action?
AThyroid gland
BAdrenal gland
CAdipocytes
DBones
EKidney tubules
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