A 75 year-old gentleman presents to his general practitioner. He is currently being treated for hypertension and is on a multi-drug regimen. His current blood pressure is 180/100. The physician would like to begin treatment with minoxidil or hydralazine. Which of the following side effects is associated with administration of these drugs?
APersistent cough
BCyanosis in extremities
CFetal renal toxicity
DSystemic volume loss
EReflex tachycardia
A pharmaceutical company conducts a randomized clinical trial to demonstrate that their new anticoagulant drug, Aclotsaban, prevents more thrombotic events following total knee arthroplasty than the current standard of care. A significant number of patients are lost to follow-up, and many fail to complete treatment according to the study arm to which they were assigned. Despite these protocol deviations, the results for the patients who completed the course of Aclotsaban are encouraging. Which of the following analytical approaches is most appropriate for the primary analysis to establish the efficacy of Aclotsaban?
AIntention-to-treat analysis
BSub-group analysis
CPer-protocol analysis
DAs-treated analysis
ENon-inferiority analysis
A 62-year-old man comes to his primary care physician with a 3-month history of insomnia and severe work anxiety. He says that he is unable to retire because he has no financial resources; however, the stress level at his work has been causing him to have worsening performance and he is afraid of being fired. He thinks that he would be able to resume work normally if he was able to decrease his level of anxiety. His physician prescribes him a trial 1-month regimen of benzodiazepine therapy and schedules a follow-up appointment to see whether this treatment has been effective. Three weeks later, the patient's wife calls and says "My husband was fired from work and it's your fault for prescribing that medication! I know he must have been taking too much of that drug. Don't you know that he had a horrible problem with drug abuse in his 30s?" Which of the following is the most appropriate first action for the physician to take?
ADischarge the patient for inappropriate use of medication
BContact the physician's medical practice insurance company regarding a potential claim
CRefer the patient to a substance abuse program
DContact the patient directly to discuss the situation
EInform the patient's wife that patient information cannot be disclosed to her due to HIPAA
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