A 52-year-old man presents to his primary care physician to discuss laboratory results that were obtained during his annual checkup. He has no symptoms or concerns and denies changes in eating or urination patterns. Specifically, the physician ordered a panel of metabolic laboratory tests to look for signs of diabetes, hyperlipidemia, or other chronic disorders. A spot glucose check from a random blood sample showed a glucose level of 211 mg/dL. A hemoglobin A1c level was obtained at the same time that showed a level of 6.3%. A fasting blood glucose was obtained that showed a blood glucose level of 125 mg/dL. Finally, a 2-hour glucose level was obtained after an oral glucose tolerance test that showed a glucose level of 201 mg/dL. Which of the following statements is most accurate for this patient?
AThis patient does not have type 2 diabetes
BThis patient has type 2 diabetes as diagnosed by his fasting blood glucose
CThis patient has type 2 diabetes as diagnosed by his oral tolerance blood glucose
DThis patient has type 2 diabetes as diagnosed by his random blood glucose
EThis patient has type 2 diabetes as diagnosed by his hemoglobin A1c
A 31-year-old G1P0 woman at 26 weeks gestation presents to the clinic for evaluation of an abnormal glucose tolerance test. She denies any symptoms, but states that she was given 50 g of oral glucose 1 week earlier and demonstrated a subsequent venous plasma glucose level of 156 mg/dL 1 hour later. The vital signs are: blood pressure, 112/78 mm Hg; pulse, 81/min; and respiratory rate, 16/min. Physical examination is within normal limits. Which of the following is the most appropriate next step in management?
AAdminister an oral, 3-hour 100 g glucose dose
BAdvise the patient to follow an American Diabetic Association diet plan
CRepeat the 50 g oral glucose challenge
DBegin insulin treatment
EOrder a fetal ultrasound examination
A 21-year-old primigravida presents to her physician for a prenatal visit. She has a positive pregnancy test 1 week ago. The estimated gestational age is 16 weeks. She has no complaints. She has a history of type 1 diabetes mellitus and takes insulin for glucose control. The urine dipstick test shows 3+ glucose and negative for protein. The blood tests ordered at the last visit 1 week ago are as follows: Fasting glucose 110 mg/dL HbA1c 8.3% Which of the following tests should be highly recommended for this patient?
AChorionic villus sampling
BTriple test
CSerum creatinine
DC-peptide assessment
EOral glucose tolerance test
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