A 69-year-old Caucasian man presents for a routine health maintenance examination. He feels well. He has no significant past medical history. He takes aspirin for the occasional headaches that he has had for over several years. He exercises every day and does not smoke. His father was diagnosed with a hematologic malignancy at 79 years old. The patient’s vital signs are within normal limits. Physical examination shows no abnormalities. The laboratory test results are as follows: Hemoglobin 14.5 g/dL Leukocyte count 62,000/mm3 Platelet count 350,000/mm3 A peripheral blood smear is obtained (shown on the image). Which of the following best explains these findings?
AAcute lymphoid leukemia
BHairy cell leukemia
CAdult T cell leukemia
DChronic lymphocytic leukemia
EAcute myeloid leukemia
A 5-year-old boy presents to his pediatrician with weakness. His father observed that his son seemed less energetic at daycare and kindergarten classes. He was becoming easily fatigued from mild play. His temperature is 98°F (37°C), blood pressure is 90/60 mmHg, pulse is 100/min, and respirations are 20/min. Physical exam reveals pale conjunctiva, poor skin turgor and capillary refill, and cervical and axillary lymphadenopathy with assorted bruises throughout his body. A complete blood count reveals the following: Leukocyte count: 3,000/mm^3 Segmented neutrophils: 30% Bands: 5% Eosinophils: 5% Basophils: 10% Lymphocytes: 40% Monocytes: 10% Hemoglobin: 7.1 g/dL Hematocrit: 22% Platelet count: 50,000/mm^3 The most specific diagnostic assessment would most likely show which of the following?
ABone marrow biopsy with ≥ 20% lymphoblasts
BFluorescence in situ hybridization analysis with 9:22 translocation
CPeripheral blood smear with > 50% lymphoblasts
DFlow cytometry with positive terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase staining
EFluorescence in situ hybridization analysis with 12:21 translocation
A 4-year-old girl is brought to the physician because of a 3-week history of generalized fatigue and easy bruising. During the past week, she has also had fever and severe leg pain that wakes her up at night. Her temperature is 38.3°C (100.9°F), pulse is 120/min, and respirations are 30/min. Examination shows cervical and axillary lymphadenopathy. The abdomen is soft and nontender; the liver is palpated 3 cm below the right costal margin, and the spleen is palpated 2 cm below the left costal margin. Laboratory studies show: Hemoglobin 10.1 g/dL Leukocyte count 63,000/mm3 Platelet count 27,000/mm3 A bone marrow aspirate predominantly shows immature cells that stain positive for CD10, CD19, and TdT. Which of the following is the most likely diagnosis?
AAplastic anemia
BHodgkin lymphoma
CAcute lymphoblastic leukemia
DAcute myeloid leukemia
EHairy cell leukemia
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