A 76-year-old woman is brought to the physician because of lesions on her left arm. She first noticed them 3 months ago and they have grown larger since that time. She has not had any pain or pruritus in the area. She has a history of invasive ductal carcinoma of the left breast, which was treated with mastectomy and radiation therapy 27 years ago. Since that time, she has had lymphedema of the left arm. Physical examination shows extensive edema of the left arm. There are four coalescing, firm, purple-blue nodules on the left lateral axillary region and swelling of the surrounding skin. Which of the following is the most likely diagnosis?
AThrombophlebitis
BCellulitis
CMelanoma
DAngiosarcoma
EKaposi sarcoma
A 57-year-old man presents with a large wound on his right lower leg that has been present for 6 months as shown in the picture. He has had chronically swollen legs for over 10 years. His mother and brother had similar problems with their legs. He had a documented deep vein thrombosis (DVT) in the affected leg 5 years earlier, but has no other past medical history. He has a blood pressure of 126/84 and heart rate of 62/min. Which of the following is the most likely diagnosis?
AChronic venous insufficiency
BKaposi sarcoma
CLymphedema
DMarjolin ulcer
EArterial ulcer
A scientist is researching the long term effects of the hepatitis viruses on hepatic tissue. She finds that certain strains are oncogenic and increase the risk of hepatocellular carcinoma. However, they appear to do so via different mechanisms. Which of the following answer choices correctly pairs the hepatitis virus with the correct oncogenic process?
AHepatitis A virus - chronic inflammation
BHepatitis C virus - chronic inflammation
CHepatitis E virus - integration of viral DNA into host hepatocyte genome
DHepatitis B virus - integration of viral DNA into host hepatocyte genome
EHepatitis A virus - integration of viral DNA into host hepatocyte genome
+ 7 more in the PDF
Browse all chapters