A 23-year-old woman presents with vulvar ulcers and lymphadenopathy. Testing confirms primary HSV infection. Which of the following statements about HSV antibody development is correct?
AIgG appears immediately after infection
BIgG antibodies appear 2-3 weeks after infection and persist
CNo antibody response occurs
DIgM and IgG appear simultaneously at 6 weeks
A 35-year-old male anesthesiologist presents to the occupational health clinic after a needlestick exposure while obtaining an arterial line in a patient with cirrhosis. In addition to a standard bloodborne pathogen laboratory panel sent for all needlestick exposures at his hospital, additional hepatitis panels are ordered upon the patient's request. The patient's results are shown below: HIV 4th generation Ag/Ab: Negative/Negative Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg): Negative Hepatitis C antibody: Negative Anti-hepatitis B surface antibody (HBsAb): Positive Anti-hepatitis B core IgM antibody (HBc IgM): Negative Anti-hepatitis B core IgG antibody (HBc IgG): Positive What is the most likely explanation of the results above?
AWindow period
BChronic infection
CAcute infection
DImmune due to infection
EImmune due to vaccination
A 28-year-old man presents to the office with complaints of malaise, anorexia, and vomiting for the past 2 weeks. He also says that his urine is dark. The past medical history is unremarkable. The temperature is 36.8°C (98.2°F), the pulse is 72/min, the blood pressure is 118/63 mm Hg, and the respiratory rate is 15/min. The physical examination reveals a slightly enlarged, tender liver. No edema or spider angiomata are noted. Laboratory testing showed the following: HBsAg Positive IgM anti-HBc < 1:1,000 Anti-HBs Negative HBeAg Positive Anti-HBe Negative HBV DNA 2.65 × 10⁹ IU/L Alpha-fetoprotein 125 ng/mL What is the most likely cause of this patient's condition?
AAcute HBV infection
BPassive immunity
CAcute resolving infection
DResolved HBV infection (innate immunity)
EAcute exacerbation of chronic HBV infection
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