A 27-year-old man with a past medical history of type I diabetes mellitus presents to the emergency department with altered mental status. The patient was noted as becoming more lethargic and confused over the past day, prompting his roommates to bring him in. His temperature is 99.0°F (37.2°C), blood pressure is 107/68 mmHg, pulse is 120/min, respirations are 17/min, and oxygen saturation is 98% on room air. Laboratory values are ordered as seen below. Serum: Na+: 144 mEq/L Cl-: 100 mEq/L K+: 6.3 mEq/L HCO3-: 16 mEq/L BUN: 20 mg/dL Glucose: 599 mg/dL Creatinine: 1.4 mg/dL Ca2+: 10.2 mg/dL Which of the following is the appropriate endpoint of treatment for this patient?
AClinically asymptomatic
BNormal anion gap
CNormal glucose
DVitals stable
ENormal potassium
A 17-year-old male presents to your office complaining of polyuria, polydipsia, and unintentional weight loss of 12 pounds over the past 3 months. On physical examination, the patient is tachypneic with labored breathing. Which of the following electrolyte abnormalities would you most likely observe in this patient?
AHypophosphatemia
BHypermagnesemia
CHyperkalemia
DHyponatremia
EHyperphosphatemia
A 61-year-old female with congestive heart failure and type 2 diabetes is brought to the emergency room by her husband because of an altered mental status. He states he normally helps her be compliant with her medications, but he had been away for several days. On physical exam, her temperature is 37.2 C, BP 85/55, and HR 130. Serum glucose is 500 mg/dL. Which of the following is the first step in the management of this patient?
AIV ½ NS
BIV insulin
CSubcutaneous insulin injection
DIV NS
EIV D5W
+ 7 more in the PDF
Browse all chapters