A 45-year-old man is brought to the emergency department by ambulance after a motor vehicle collision. He is not responsive to verbal commands and is unable to provide any history. His pulse is 108/min and regular. Physical examination shows ecchymoses over the neck and back. Neurological examination indicates damage to the spinal cord at the level shown in the illustration. This patient's injury is most likely located at which of the following levels of the spinal cord?
AC2
BS2
CL4
DT6
ES4
A 35-year-old man who suffered a motor vehicle accident 3 months ago presents to the office for a neurological evaluation. He has no significant past medical history and takes no current medications. He has a family history of coronary artery disease in his father and Alzheimer’s disease in his mother. On physical examination, his blood pressure is 110/60 mm Hg, the pulse is 85/min, the temperature is 37.0°C (98.6°F), and the respiratory rate is 20/min. Neurological examination is suggestive of a lesion in the anterior spinal artery that affects the anterior two-thirds of the spinal cord, which is later confirmed with angiography. Which of the following exam findings would have suggested this diagnosis?
ALoss of vibratory sense below the level of the lesion
BLoss of pain and temperature sensation above the level of the lesion
CNegative plantar extensor response in his lower limbs
DFlaccid paralysis on the right side
EPreserved pressure sensation
A 38-year-old man comes to the physician for a follow-up examination. He has quadriparesis as a result of a burst fracture of the cervical spine that occurred after a fall from his roof 1 month ago. He has urinary and bowel incontinence. He appears malnourished. His temperature is 37.1°C (98.8°F), pulse is 88/min, and blood pressure is 104/60 mm Hg. Examination shows spasticity in all extremities. Muscle strength is decreased in proximal and distal muscle groups bilaterally. Deep tendon reflexes are 4+ bilaterally. Plantar reflex shows extensor response bilaterally. Sensation to pinprick and temperature is absent below the neck. Sensation to vibration, position, and light touch is normal bilaterally. Rectal tone is decreased. There is a 1-cm area of erythema over the sacrum. Which of the following is the most likely cause of this patient's symptoms?
AHemi-transection of the spinal cord
BCavitation within the spinal cord
CInjury to gray matter of the spinal cord
DOcclusion of the posterior spinal artery
EDamage to the anterior spinal artery
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