A 33-year-old woman comes to the emergency department because of a 1-hour history of severe pelvic pain and nausea. She was diagnosed with a follicular cyst in the left ovary 3 months ago. The cyst was found incidentally during a fertility evaluation. A pelvic ultrasound with Doppler flow shows an enlarged, edematous left ovary with no blood flow. Laparoscopic evaluation shows necrosis of the left ovary, and a left oophorectomy is performed. During the procedure, blunt dissection of the left infundibulopelvic ligament is performed. Which of the following structures is most at risk of injury during this step of the surgery?
ABladder trigone
BUterine artery
CKidney
DUreter
A 28-year-old woman comes to the physician because she has not had a menstrual period for 3 months. Menarche occurred at the age of 12 years and menses occurred at regular 30-day intervals until they became irregular 1 year ago. She is 160 cm (5 ft 3 in) tall and weighs 85 kg (187 lb); BMI is 33.2 kg/m2. Physical exam shows nodules and pustules along the jaw line and dark hair growth around the umbilicus. Pelvic examination shows a normal-sized, retroverted uterus. A urine pregnancy test is negative. Without treatment, this patient is at greatest risk for which of the following?
AChoriocarcinoma
BMature cystic teratoma
CEndometrial carcinoma
DEndometrioma
ECervical carcinoma
A 37-year-old G4P3 presents to her physician at 20 weeks gestation for routine prenatal care. Currently, she has no complaints; however, in the first trimester she was hospitalized due to acute pyelonephritis and was treated with cefuroxime. All her past pregnancies required cesarean deliveries for medical indications. Her history is also significant for amenorrhea after weight loss at 19 years of age and a cervical polypectomy at 30 years of age. Today, her vital signs are within normal limits and a physical examination is unremarkable. A transabdominal ultrasound shows a normally developing male fetus without morphologic abnormalities, anterior placement of the placenta in the lower uterine segment, loss of the retroplacental hypoechoic zone, and visible lacunae within the myometrium. Which of the following factors present in this patient is a risk factor for the condition she has developed?
AA history of amenorrhea
BGenitourinary infections during pregnancy
CMultiple cesarean deliveries
DIntake of antibiotics in the first trimester
ECervical surgery
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