A 32-year-old man is brought to the emergency department because he was found stumbling in the street heedless of oncoming traffic. On arrival, he is found to be sluggish and has slow and sometimes incoherent speech. He is also drowsy and falls asleep several times during questioning. Chart review shows that he has previously been admitted after getting a severe cut during a bar fight. Otherwise, he is known to be intermittently homeless and has poorly managed diabetes. Serum testing reveals the presence of a substance that increases the duration of opening for an important channel. Which of the following symptoms may be seen if the most likely substance in this patient is abruptly discontinued?
ATremors
BInsomnia
CDelayed delirium
DPiloerection
ESeizures
A 24-year-old graduate student is brought to the emergency department by her boyfriend because of chest pain that started 90 minutes ago. Her boyfriend says she has been taking medication to help her study for an important exam and has not slept in several days. On examination, she is diaphoretic, agitated, and attempts to remove her IV lines and ECG leads. Her temperature is 37.6°C (99.7°F), pulse is 128/min, and blood pressure is 163/97 mmHg. Her pupils are dilated. The most appropriate next step in management is the administration of which of the following?
ALorazepam
BKetamine
CHaloperidol
DActivated charcoal
EDantrolene
A 23-year-old man is brought to the emergency department by the police for impaired cognition and agitation after being struck in the head at a local nightclub. The patient refuses to respond to questions and continues to be markedly agitated. An alcoholic smell is noted. His temperature is 36.9°C (98.4°F), pulse is 104/min, respirations are 24/min, and blood pressure is 148/95 mm Hg. He is confused and oriented only to person. Neurological examination shows miosis and nystagmus but is quickly aborted after the patient tries to attack several members of the care team. CT scan of the head shows no abnormalities. Ingestion of which of the following substances most likely explains this patient's symptoms?
ALysergic acid diethylamide
BPhencyclidine
CAlcohol
DHeroin
EMethamphetamine
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