Fertilization begins when sperm binds to the corona radiata of the egg. Once the sperm enters the cytoplasm, a cortical reaction occurs which prevents other sperm from entering the oocyte. The oocyte then undergoes an important reaction. What is the next reaction that is necessary for fertilization to continue?
AThe second meiotic division
BDegeneration of the sperm tail
CRelease of a polar body
DFormation of the spindle apparatus
EAcrosome reaction
A 22-year-old female presents to her PCP after having unprotected sex with her boyfriend 2 days ago. She has been monogamous with her boyfriend but is very concerned about pregnancy. The patient requests emergency contraception to decrease her likelihood of getting pregnant. A blood hCG test returns negative. The PCP prescribes the patient ethinyl estradiol 100 mcg and levonorgestrel 0.5 mg to be taken 12 hours apart. What is the most likely mechanism of action for this combined prescription?
AInhibition or delayed ovulation
BInterference of corpus luteum function
CThickening of cervical mucus with sperm trapping
DTubal constriction inhibiting sperm transportation
EAlteration of the endometrium impairing implantation of the fertilized egg
A 19-year-old female complains of abnormal facial hair growth. This has been very stressful for her, especially in the setting of not being happy with her weight. Upon further questioning you learn she has a history of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Her height is 61 inches, and weight is 185 pounds (84 kg). Physical examination is notable for facial hair above her superior lip and velvety, greyish thickened hyperpigmented skin in the posterior neck. Patient is started on a hormonal oral contraceptive. Which of the following is a property of the endometrial protective hormone found in this oral contraceptive?
AEnhances tubal motility
BThickens cervical mucus
CIncreases bone fractures
DDecreases LDL
EDecreases thyroid binding globulin
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