A 61-year-old male is given acetazolamide to treat open-angle glaucoma. Upon diuresis, his urine is found to be highly alkaline. Which of the following accounts for the alkaline nature of this patient’s urine?
AInhibition of bicarbonate reabsorption in the proximal tubule
BInhibition of bicarbonate reabsorption in beta-intercalated cells
CInhibition of acid secretion in alpha-intercalated cells
DInhibition of chloride reabsorption in the distal convoluted tubule
EInhibition of chloride reabsorption in the thick ascending loop of Henle
A new drug has been shown to block epithelial sodium channels in the cortical collecting duct. Which of the following is most likely to be decreased upon drug administration?
AUrea reabsorption in the collecting tubules
BHydrogen ion secretion in the collecting tubules
CPotassium secretion in the collecting tubules
DSodium secretion in the collecting tubules
ESodium chloride reabsorption in the distal tubule
A 66-year-old man with congestive heart failure presents to the emergency department complaining of worsening shortness of breath. These symptoms have worsened over the last 3 days. He has a blood pressure of 126/85 mm Hg and heart rate of 82/min. Physical examination is notable for bibasilar crackles. A chest X-ray reveals bilateral pulmonary edema. His current medications include metoprolol succinate and captopril. You wish to add an additional medication targeted towards his symptoms. Of the following, which statement is correct regarding loop diuretics?
ALoop diuretics can cause metabolic acidosis
BLoop diuretics can cause ammonia toxicity
CLoop diuretics can cause hyperlipidemia
DLoop diuretics decrease sodium, magnesium, and chloride but increase calcium
ELoop diuretics inhibit the action of the Na+/K+/Cl- cotransporter
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