A healthy 30-year-old female has a measured creatinine clearance of 100 mL/min. She has a filtration fraction (FF) of 25%. Serum analysis reveals a creatinine level of 0.9 mg/dL and an elevated hematocrit of 0.6. Which of the following is the best estimate of this patient’s renal blood flow?
A1.2 L/min
B600 mL/min
C800 mL/min
D400 mL/min
E1.0 L/min
A woman with coronary artery disease is starting to go for a walk. As she begins, her heart rate accelerates from a resting pulse of 60 bpm until it reaches a rate of 120 bpm, at which point she begins to feel a tightening in her chest. She stops walking to rest and the tightening resolves. This has been happening to her consistently for the last 6 months. Which of the following is a true statement?
AThis patient's chest pain is indicative of transmural ischemia
BPerfusion of the myocardium takes place equally throughout the cardiac cycle
CIncreasing the heart rate increases the amount of time spent during each cardiac cycle
DIncreasing the heart rate decreases the relative amount of time spent during diastole
EPerfusion of the myocardium takes place primarily during systole
A 70-year-old female with chronic kidney failure secondary to diabetes asks her nephrologist to educate her about the techniques used to evaluate the degree of kidney failure progression. She learns about the concept of glomerular filtration rate (GFR) and learns that it can be estimated by measuring the levels of some substances. The clearance of which of the following substances is the most accurate estimate for GFR?
AParaaminohippurate (PAH)
BSodium
CInulin
DCreatinine
EGlucose
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