Chapter·PhysiologyEndocrine system (thyroid, adrenal, pancreas)

Adrenal medulla and catecholaminesDownloads

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Sample Questions

1

A previously healthy 61-year-old man comes to the physician because of a 6-month history of morning headaches. He also has fatigue and trouble concentrating on his daily tasks at work. He sleeps for 8 hours every night; his wife reports that he sometimes stops breathing for a few seconds while sleeping. His pulse is 71/min and blood pressure is 158/96 mm Hg. He is 178 cm (5 ft 10 in) tall and weighs 100 kg (220 lb); BMI is 31.6 kg/m2 . Which of the following is the most likely cause of this patient's hypertension?

AProliferation of adrenal chromaffin cells

BOverproduction of cortisol

CHypophyseal neoplasm

DNocturnal upper airway obstruction

EHypersecretion of aldosterone

2

A drug research team has synthesized a novel oral drug that acts as an agonist at multiple adrenergic receptors. When administered in animals, it has been shown to produce urinary retention at therapeutic doses with the absence of other manifestations of adrenergic stimulation. The researchers are interested in understanding signal transduction and molecular mechanisms behind the action of the novel drug. Which of the following receptors would most likely transduce signals across the plasma membrane following the administration of this novel drug?

AGoPCRs (Go protein-coupled receptors)

BGsPCRs (Gs protein-coupled receptors)

CGqPCRs (Gq protein-coupled receptors)

DGtPCRs (Gt protein-coupled receptors)

EGiPCRs (Gi protein-coupled receptors)

3

A 65-year-old male with a history of CHF presents to the emergency room with shortness of breath, lower leg edema, and fatigue. He is diagnosed with acute decompensated congestive heart failure, was admitted to the CCU, and treated with a medication that targets beta-1 adrenergic receptors preferentially over beta-2 adrenergic receptors. The prescribing physician explained that this medication would only be used temporarily as its efficacy decreases within 2-3 days due to receptor downregulation. Which of the following was prescribed?

AEpinephrine

BNorepinephrine

CMilrinone

DIsoproterenol

EDobutamine

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