A 21-year-old woman presents with palpitations and anxiety. She had a recent outpatient ECG that was suggestive of supraventricular tachycardia, but her previous physician failed to find any underlying disease. No other significant past medical history. Her vital signs include blood pressure 102/65 mm Hg, pulse 120/min, respiratory rate 17/min, and temperature 36.5℃ (97.7℉). Electrophysiological studies reveal an atrioventricular nodal reentrant tachycardia. The patient refuses an ablation procedure so it is decided to perform synchronized cardioversion with consequent ongoing management with verapamil. Which of the following ECG features should be monitored in this patient during treatment?
AAmplitude and direction of the T wave
BLength of QRS complex
CLength of QT interval
DLength of PR interval
EQRS complex amplitude
An ECG from an 8-year-old male with neurosensory deafness and a family history of sudden cardiac arrest demonstrates QT-interval prolongation. Which of the following is this patient most at risk of developing?
AHypertrophic cardiac myopathy
BCardiac tamponade
CEssential hypertension
DTorsades de pointes
EFirst degree atrioventricular block
A 40-year-old man is brought to the emergency department 20 minutes after his wife found him unconscious on the bathroom floor. On arrival, he is conscious and alert. He remembers having palpitations and feeling lightheaded and short of breath before losing consciousness. He takes captopril for hypertension and glyburide for type 2 diabetes mellitus. His vitals are within normal limits. Physical examination shows no abnormalities. Random serum glucose concentration is 85 mg/dL. An ECG shows a short PR interval and a wide QRS complex with initial slurring. Transthoracic echocardiography reveals normal echocardiographic findings with normal left ventricular systolic function. Which of the following is the most likely underlying cause of this patient's findings?
AIschemic myocardial necrosis
BEctopic foci within the ventricles
CAccessory atrioventricular pathway
DA dysfunctional AV node
ELow serum glucose levels
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