During an examination of the cranial nerves, a patient shows inability to move their eye laterally past the midline. Which of the following structures in the cavernous sinus is most likely affected?
AOculomotor nerve
BTrochlear nerve
COphthalmic nerve
DAbducens nerve
A 75-year-old man presents to the emergency department after an episode of syncope while walking outside with his wife. His wife states that he suddenly appeared pale and collapsed to the ground. She says he remained unconscious for 1 minute. He says he noticed a fluttering in his chest and excessive sweating before the episode. He has type 2 diabetes mellitus, essential hypertension, and chronic stable angina. He has not started any new medications in the past few months. Vital signs reveal: temperature 37.0°C (98.6°F), blood pressure 135/72 mm Hg, and pulse 72/min. Physical examination is unremarkable. ECG shows an old bifascicular block. Echocardiogram and 24-hour Holter monitoring are normal. Which of the following is the best next step in the evaluation of this patient's condition?
ACardiac enzymes
BContinuous loop recorder
CValsalva maneuver
DElectroencephalography (EEG)
ETilt-table test
A 33-year-old man presents to the emergency department after an episode of syncope. He states that for the past month ever since starting a new job he has experienced an episode of syncope or near-syncope every morning while he is getting dressed. The patient states that he now gets dressed, shaves, and puts on his tie sitting down to avoid falling when he faints. He has never had this before and is concerned it is stress from his new job as he has been unemployed for the past 5 years. He is wondering if he can get a note for work since he was unable to head in today secondary to his presentation. The patient has no significant past medical history and is otherwise healthy. His temperature is 99.2°F (37.3°C), blood pressure is 122/83 mmHg, pulse is 92/min, respirations are 16/min, and oxygen saturation is 100% on room air. Cardiopulmonary and neurologic exams are within normal limits. An initial ECG and laboratory values are unremarkable as well. Which of the following is the most likely diagnosis?
AMalingering
BHypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy
CAortic stenosis
DCarotid hypersensitivity syndrome
EAnxiety
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