A 65-year-old man is brought to the emergency department from his home. He is unresponsive. His son requested a wellness check because he had not heard from his father in 2 weeks. He reports that his father was sounding depressed during a telephone call. The paramedics found a suicide note and a half-empty bottle of antifreeze near the patient. The medical history includes hypertension and hyperlipidemia. The vital signs include: blood pressure 120/80 mm Hg, respiratory rate 25/min, heart rate 95/min, and temperature 37.0°C (98.5°F). He is admitted to the hospital. What do you expect the blood gas analysis to show?
ANon-anion gap metabolic acidosis
BMetabolic alkalosis
CRespiratory acidosis
DAnion gap metabolic acidosis
EMixed acid-base disorder
A 72-year-old female is brought to the emergency department after being found unresponsive in her garage with an open bottle of unmarked fluid. She is confused and is unable to answer questions on arrival. Her medical history is significant for Alzheimer disease, but her family says she has no medical comorbidities. Serum analysis of this patient's blood shows a pH of 7.28 with a high anion gap. The electrolyte that is most likely significantly decreased in this patient follows which of the following concentration curves across the proximal tubule of the kidney?
ACurve C
BCurve E
CCurve B
DCurve A
ECurve D
A 37-year-old G1P0 woman presents to her primary care physician for a routine checkup. She has a history of diabetes and hypertension but has otherwise been healthy with no change in her health status since the last visit. She is expecting her first child 8 weeks from now. She also enrolled in a study about pregnancy where serial metabolic panels and arterial blood gases are obtained. Partial results from these studies are shown below: Serum: Na+: 141 mEq/L Cl-: 108 mEq/L pH: 7.47 pCO2: 30 mmHg HCO3-: 21 mEq/L Which of the following disease processes would most likely present with a similar panel of metabolic results?
ADiarrheal disease
BLoop diuretic abuse
CLiving at high altitude
DIngestion of metformin
EAnxiety attack
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