Which region of the nephron reabsorbs the highest percentage of filtered bicarbonate?
ACollecting duct
BThick ascending limb
CDistal tubule
DProximal tubule
On cardiology service rounds, your team sees a patient admitted with an acute congestive heart failure exacerbation. In congestive heart failure, decreased cardiac function leads to decreased renal perfusion, which eventually leads to excess volume retention. To test your knowledge of physiology, your attending asks you which segment of the nephron is responsible for the majority of water absorption. Which of the following is a correct pairing of the segment of the nephron that reabsorbs the majority of all filtered water with the means by which that segment absorbs water?
ADistal convoluted tubule via passive diffusion following ion reabsorption
BDistal convoluted tubule via aquaporin channels
CThick ascending loop of Henle via passive diffusion following ion reabsorption
DProximal convoluted tubule via passive diffusion following ion reabsorption
ECollecting duct via aquaporin channels
Which transport mechanism is primarily responsible for calcium reabsorption in the proximal tubule?
AParacellular transport
BFacilitated diffusion
CActive transport
DAntiport with sodium
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