A 69-year-old man with type 2 diabetes mellitus comes to the physician for a follow-up examination. His only medication is metformin. He has tried to lose weight for several years without success. He is 168 cm (5 ft 6 in) tall and weighs 110 kg (243 lb); BMI is 39 kg/m2. His hemoglobin A1c is 8.5%. Which of the following is the most appropriate antidiabetic drug to address both this patient's glucose control and weight?
ANateglinide
BRosiglitazone
CLiraglutide
DMiglitol
EGlipizide
An endocrinologist is working with a pharmaceutical research company on a new drug for diabetes mellitus type 2 (DM2). In their experimental studies, they isolated a component from Gila monster saliva, which was found to have > 50% homology with glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP1). During the animal studies, the experimental drug was found to have no GLP1 agonist effect. Instead, it irreversibly binds DPP-IV with a higher affinity than GLP1. Which of the following drugs has a similar mechanism of action to this new experimental drug?
AMetformin
BSitagliptin
CCanagliflozin
DPramlintide
EExenatide
A 45-year-old woman comes to the clinic for complaints of abdominal pain and repeated watery stools for the past 2 days. She has a history of bowel complaints for the past 2 years consisting of periods of intermittent loose stools followed by the inability to make a bowel movement. Her past medical history is significant for diabetes controlled with metformin. She denies any abnormal oral intake, weight loss, fever, nausea/vomiting, or similar symptoms in her family. When asked to describe her stool, she reports that “it is just very watery and frequent, but no blood.” The physician prescribes a medication aimed to alleviate her symptoms. What is the most likely mechanism of action of this drug?
AEnteric nerve stimulation
BSubstance P antagonist
Cmu-opioid receptor agonist
DPGE1 analog
ED2 receptor antagonist
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