A 63-year-old man comes to the physician for a routine health maintenance examination. He feels well. He has a history of hypertension, atrial fibrillation, bipolar disorder, and osteoarthritis of the knees. Current medications include lisinopril, amiodarone, lamotrigine, and acetaminophen. He started amiodarone 6 months ago and switched from lithium to lamotrigine 4 months ago. The patient does not smoke. He drinks 1–4 beers per week. He does not use illicit drugs. Vital signs are within normal limits. Examination shows no abnormalities. Laboratory studies show: Serum Na+ 137 mEq/L K+ 4.2 mEq/L Cl- 105 mEq/L HCO3- 24 mEq/L Urea nitrogen 14 mg/dL Creatinine 0.9 mg/dL Alkaline phosphatase 82 U/L Aspartate aminotransferase (AST) 110 U/L Alanine aminotransferase (ALT) 115 U/L Which of the following is the most appropriate next step in management?
ADiscontinue amiodarone
BDiscontinue acetaminophen
CFollow-up laboratory results in 3 months
DFollow-up laboratory results in 6 months
EDecrease alcohol consumption
A 17-year-old girl is brought to the emergency department 6 hours after she attempted suicide by consuming 16 tablets of acetaminophen (500 mg per tablet). At present, she does not have any complaints or symptoms. The patient is afebrile and vital signs are within normal limits. Physical examination is unremarkable. Laboratory findings show a serum acetaminophen level that is predictive of ‘probable hepatic toxicity’ on the Rumack-Matthew nomogram. Treatment is started with a drug, which is a precursor of glutathione and is a specific antidote for acetaminophen poisoning. Which of the following is an additional beneficial mechanism of action of this drug in this patient?
APromotes glucuronidation of unmetabolized acetaminophen
BPromotes microcirculatory blood flow
CPromotes fecal excretion of unabsorbed acetaminophen
DPrevents gastrointestinal absorption of acetaminophen
EPromotes oxidation of N-acetyl-p-benzoquinoneimine (NAPQI)
A 55-year-old man is discharged from the hospital after being treated for a ST-elevation myocardial infarction. The patient became hypotensive to 87/48 mmHg with a pulse of 130/min. He was properly resuscitated, and a cardiac catheterization with stent placement was performed. Upon being discharged, the patient was started on metoprolol, lisinopril, aspirin, atorvastatin, and nitroglycerin. Upon presentation to the patient’s primary care doctor today, his liver enzymes are elevated with an AST of 55 U/L and an ALT of 57 U/L. Which of the following is the most likely etiology of these laboratory abnormalities?
AMetoprolol
BIschemic hepatitis
CLisinopril
DNitroglycerin
EAtorvastatin
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