A 35-year-old woman is started on a new experimental intravenous drug X. In order to make sure that she is able to take this drug safely, the physician in charge of her care calculates the appropriate doses to give to this patient. Data on the properties of drug X from a subject with a similar body composition to the patient is provided below: Weight: 100 kg Dose provided: 1500 mg Serum concentration 15 mg/dL Bioavailability: 1 If the patient has a weight of 60 kg and the target serum concentration is 10 mg/dL, which of the following best represents the loading dose of drug X that should be given to this patient?
A300 mg
B450 mg
C150 mg
D1000 mg
E600 mg
Six days after undergoing an elective hip replacement surgery, a 79-year-old man develops dysuria, flank pain, and fever. His temperature is 38.5°C (101.3°F). Examination shows marked tenderness in the right costovertebral area. Treatment with an antibiotic is begun, but his symptoms do not improve. Further evaluation shows that the causal organism produces an enzyme that inactivates the antibiotic via phosphorylation. An agent from which of the following classes of antibiotics was most likely administered?
AMacrolides
BTetracyclines
CAminoglycosides
DGlycopeptides
EFluoroquinolones
An 18-year old college freshman presents to his university clinic because he has not been feeling well for the past two weeks. He has had a persistent headache, occasional cough, and chills without rigors. The patient’s vital signs are normal and physical exam is unremarkable. His radiograph shows patchy interstitial lung infiltrates and he is diagnosed with atypical pneumonia. The patient is prescribed azithromycin and takes his medication as instructed. Despite adherence to his drug regimen, he returns to the clinic one week later because his symptoms have not improved. The organism responsible for this infection is likely resistant to azithromycin through which mechanism?
AMutation in topoisomerase II
BMethylation of ribosomal binding site
CPresence of a beta-lactamase
DDecreased binding to RNA polymerase
EInsertion of drug efflux pumps
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