A 52-year-old man comes to the physician for a routine health maintenance examination. He feels well. His blood pressure is 125/70 mm Hg. His glomerular filtration rate is calculated to be 105 mL/min/1.73 m2 and glucose clearance is calculated to be 103 mL/min. This patient is most likely being treated with which of the following agents?
AIfosfamide
BAcarbose
CCanagliflozin
DGlipizide
EMetformin
A 75 year-old gentleman presents to his general practitioner. He is currently being treated for hypertension and is on a multi-drug regimen. His current blood pressure is 180/100. The physician would like to begin treatment with minoxidil or hydralazine. Which of the following side effects is associated with administration of these drugs?
APersistent cough
BCyanosis in extremities
CFetal renal toxicity
DSystemic volume loss
EReflex tachycardia
An 81-year-old man is admitted to the hospital due to acute decompensated heart failure. He has type 2 diabetes mellitus, hypertension, coronary artery disease, and congestive heart failure. Current medications include lisinopril, metformin, and low-dose aspirin. He has smoked one pack of cigarettes daily for 45 years. His temperature is 37.6°C (99.7°F), pulse is 105/min and regular, respirations are 21/min, and blood pressure is 103/64 mm Hg. Laboratory studies show: Hemoglobin 13.7 g/dL Leukocyte count 8200/mm3 Serum Na+ 128 mEq/L Cl- 98 mEq/L K+ 4.9 mEq/L Urea nitrogen 58 mg/dL Glucose 200 mg/dL Creatinine 2.2 mg/dL Which of the following changes in the medication regimen is most appropriate in this patient at this time?
ABegin vancomycin therapy
BDiscontinue aspirin therapy
CBegin nitroprusside therapy
DDiscontinue metformin therapy
EBegin hydrochlorothiazide therapy
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