A 26-year-old man comes to the physician for a follow-up examination. He was diagnosed with HIV infection 2 weeks ago. His CD4+ T-lymphocyte count is 162/mm3 (N ≥ 500). An interferon-gamma release assay is negative. Prophylactic treatment against which of the following pathogens is most appropriate at this time?
ACytomegalovirus
BToxoplasma gondii
CMycobacterium tuberculosis
DAspergillus fumigatus
EPneumocystis jirovecii
For which of the following patients would you recommend prophylaxis against mycobacterium avium-intracellulare?
A30-year old HIV positive male with CD4 count of 20 cells/microliter and a viral load of < 50 copies/mL
B22-year old HIV positive female with CD4 count of 750 cells/microliter and a viral load of 500,000 copies/mL
C45-year old HIV positive female with CD4 count of 250 cells/microliter and a viral load of 100,000 copies/mL
D50-year old HIV positive female with CD4 count of 150 cells/microliter and a viral load of < 50 copies/mL
E36-year old HIV positive male with CD4 count of 75 cells/microliter and an undetectable viral load
An 11-year-old boy is brought to his pediatrician by his parents for the routine Tdap immunization booster dose that is given during adolescence. Upon reviewing the patient’s medical records, the pediatrician notes that he was immunized according to CDC recommendations, with the exception that he received a catch-up Tdap immunization at the age of 8 years. When the pediatrician asks the boy’s parents about this delay, they inform the doctor that they immigrated to this country 3 years ago from Southeast Asia, where the child had not been immunized against diphtheria, tetanus, and pertussis. Therefore, he received a catch-up series at 8 years of age, which included the first dose of the Tdap vaccine. Which of the following options should the pediatrician choose to continue the boy’s immunization schedule?
AA single dose of Td vaccine at 18 years of age
BA single dose of Td vaccine now
CNo further vaccination needed
DA single dose of Tdap vaccine now
EA single dose of Tdap vaccine at 13 years of age
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