You are counseling a pregnant woman who plans to breast-feed exclusively regarding her newborn's nutritional requirements. The child was born at home and the mother only plans for her newborn to receive vaccinations but no other routine medical care. Which vitamins should be given to the newborn?
AVitamin B6
BVitamin K and Vitamin D
CVitamin K
DFolic acid
EVitamin D
A 7-day-old male infant presents to the pediatrician for weight loss. There is no history of excessive crying, irritability, lethargy, or feeding difficulty. The parents deny any history of fast breathing, bluish discoloration of lips/nails, fever, vomiting, diarrhea, or seizures. He was born at full term by vaginal delivery without any perinatal complications and his birth weight was 3.6 kg (8 lb). Since birth he has been exclusively breastfed and passes urine six to eight times a day. His physical examination, including vital signs, is completely normal. His weight is 3.3 kg (7.3 lb); length and head circumference are normal for his age and sex. Which of the following is the next best step in the management of the infant?
AReassurance of parents
BEvaluation of the mother for malnutrition
CAdmission of the infant in the NICU to treat with empiric intravenous antibiotics
DEmphasize the need to clothe the infant warmly to prevent hypothermia
ESupplementation of breastfeeding with an appropriate infant formula
A 17-year-old girl is brought to the physician for a physical examination prior to participating in sports. She has no history of serious illness. She is on the school's cheerleading team and is preparing for an upcoming competition. Menarche was at 13 years of age, and her last menstrual period was 4 months ago. She is 167 cm (5 ft 6 in) tall and weighs 45 kg (99 lb); BMI is 16.1 kg/m2. Examination shows pale skin with thin, soft body hair. The patient is at increased risk for which of the following complications?
AShortened QT interval
BHyperkalemia
CFractures
DHyperthyroidism
EHyperphosphatemia
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