A 42-year-old Caucasian male presents to your office with hematuria and right flank pain. He has no history of renal dialysis but has a history of recurrent urinary tract infections. You order an intravenous pyelogram, which reveals multiple cysts of the collecting ducts in the medulla. What is the most likely diagnosis?
AChronic renal failure
BMedullary sponge kidney
CAutosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease
DSimple retention cysts
EAcquired polycystic kidney disease
A 53-year-old male presents to your office for abdominal discomfort. The patient states he first noticed pain on his right flank several months ago, and it has been gradually getting worse. For the past week, he has also noticed blood in his urine. Prior to this episode, he has been healthy and does not take any medications. The patient denies fever, chills, and dysuria. He has a 40 pack-year smoking history. Vital signs are T 37 C, BP 140/90 mmHg, HR 84/min, RR 14/min, O2 98%. Physical exam is unremarkable. CBC reveals a hemoglobin of 17 and hematocrit of 51%, and urinalysis is positive for red blood cells, negative for leukocytes. Which of the following is the most likely diagnosis?
APyelonephritis
BRenal oncocytoma
CRenal cell carcinoma
DAbdominal aortic aneurysm
EPolycystic kidney disease
A 6-year-old boy is brought to the pediatrician by his mother after he reported having red urine. He has never experienced this before and did not eat anything unusual before the episode. His past medical history is notable for sensorineural deafness requiring hearing aids. He is otherwise healthy and enjoys being in the 1st grade. His birth history was unremarkable. His temperature is 98.8°F (37.1°C), blood pressure is 145/85 mmHg, pulse is 86/min, and respirations are 18/min. On examination, he is a well-appearing boy in no acute distress. Cardiac, respiratory, and abdominal exams are normal. A urinalysis is notable for microscopic hematuria and mild proteinuria. This patient’s condition is most commonly caused by which of the following inheritance patterns?
AX-linked dominant
BAutosomal recessive
CAutosomal dominant
DX-linked recessive
EMitochondrial inheritance
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