Chapter·PathologyRenal pathology

Glomerular diseases overviewDownloads

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1

A 43-year-old man comes to the physician for a 1-week history of swelling around his eyes and decreased urination. His pulse is 87/min, and blood pressure is 152/95 mm Hg. Physical examination shows 1+ periorbital and pretibial edema. Serum studies show a urea nitrogen concentration of 21 mg/dL and a creatinine concentration of 1.4 mg/dL. Urinalysis shows 3+ blood and 1+ protein. Further evaluation of this patient is most likely to show which of the following?

AUrinary rhomboid crystals

BRenal interstitial inflammation

CHypoalbuminemia

DDetached renal tubular epithelial cells

ERed blood cell casts

2

A 52-year-old man presents to the Emergency Department because of bilateral leg swelling and puffiness of both eyes in the morning. His symptoms started about 2 weeks ago. He denies smoking or alcohol use and his family history is noncontributory. Today, his vital signs include a temperature of 36.8°C (98.2°F), blood pressure of 162/87 mm Hg, and a pulse of 85/min. On physical examination, he is jaundiced and there is hepatosplenomegaly and 2+ lower extremity edema up to the mid-thigh. Laboratory results are shown: Anti-HCV reactive Serum albumin 3 g/dL Urine dipstick 3+ protein Urinalysis 10–15 red blood cells/high power field and red cell casts Which of the following is a feature of this patient’s condition?

AFew immune complex deposits

BPhospholipase A2 receptor antibodies

CSubendothelial immune complex deposits

DRenal vasoconstriction and altered autoregulation

ENormal complement level

3

A 45-year-old man presents with a 3-day history of right-sided flank pain due to a lodged ureteral stone. What changes would be expected to be seen at the level of glomerular filtration?

AIncrease in glomerular capillary oncotic pressure

BIncrease in Bowman's space oncotic pressure

CIncrease in filtration fraction

DIncrease in Bowman's space hydrostatic pressure

ENo change in filtration fraction

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