A 64-year-old woman comes to the physician for her routine health maintenance examination. She feels well. She had cervical cancer and received radiotherapy 8 years ago. Her vital signs are within normal limits. On percussion, the spleen size is 15 cm. Otherwise, the physical examination shows no abnormalities. The laboratory test results are as follows: Hemoglobin 10 g/dL Mean corpuscular volume 88 μm3 Leukocyte count 65,000/mm3 Platelet count 500,000/mm3 Two images of the peripheral blood smear are shown on the image. Which of the following is the most appropriate next step in management?
APhlebotomy
BRituximab
CWatchful waiting
DAllogeneic stem cell transplantation
EDasatinib
A 70-year-old man presents to his physician for evaluation of fullness and swelling of the left side of the abdomen over the last month. During this time, he has had night sweats and lost 2 kg (4.4 lb) unintentionally. He has no history of severe illness and takes no medications. The vital signs include: blood pressure 115/75 mm Hg, pulse 75/min, and temperature 36.8℃ (98.2℉). The abdomen has asymmetric distention. Percussion and palpation of the left upper quadrant reveal splenomegaly. No lymphadenopathy is detected. Heart and lung examination shows no abnormalities. The laboratory studies show the following: Hemoglobin 9.5 g/dL Mean corpuscular volume 95 μm3 Leukocyte count 8,000/mm3 Platelet count 240,000/mm3 Ultrasound shows a spleen size of 15 cm, mild hepatomegaly, and mild ascites. The peripheral blood smear shows teardrop-shaped and nucleated red blood cells (RBCs) and immature myeloid cells. Marrow is very difficult to aspirate but reveals hyperplasia of all 3 lineages. The tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) test is negative. The cytogenetic analysis is negative for translocation between chromosomes 9 and 22. Which of the following laboratory findings is most likely to be present in this patient?
AMonoclonal elevation of IgG
BHair-like cell-membrane projections
CJAK2 mutation
DPhiladelphia chromosome
EReed-Sternberg cells
A 72-year-old man with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) comes to the physician with a 2-day history of severe fatigue and dyspnea. He regularly visits his primary care physician and has not required any treatment for his underlying disease. His temperature is 36.7°C (98.1°F), pulse is 105/min, respiratory rate is 22/min, and blood pressure is 125/70 mm Hg. The conjunctivae are pale. Examination of the heart and lungs shows no abnormalities. The spleen is palpable 3 cm below the costal margin. No lymphadenopathy is palpated. Laboratory studies show: Hemoglobin 7 g/dL Mean corpuscular volume 105 μm3 Leukocyte count 80,000/mm3 Platelet count 350,000/mm3 Serum Bilirubin Total // Direct 6 mg/dL / 0.8 mg/dL Lactate dehydrogenase 650 U/L (Normal: 45–90 U/L) Based on these findings, this patient’s recent condition is most likely attributable to which of the following?
ABone marrow involvement
BSplenomegaly
CEvan’s syndrome
DAutoimmune hemolytic anemia
EDiffuse large B cell lymphoma
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