Chapter·MicrobiologyMicrobial genetics and drug resistance

Horizontal gene transfer mechanismsDownloads

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1

In translation, the wobble phenomenon is best illustrated by the fact that:

ACharged tRNA contains energy needed for peptide bonds to form

BThe last nucleotide provides specificity for the given amino acid

CA tRNA with the UUU anticodon can bind to either AAA or AAG codons

DThere are more amino acids than possible codons

EThe genetic code is preserved without mutations

2

Part of the success of the Streptococcus pyogenes bacterium lies in its ability to evade phagocytosis. Which of the following helps in this evasion?

AStreptolysin S

BStreptolysin O

CStreptokinase

DM protein

EPyrogenic toxin

3

An outbreak of diphtheria has occurred for the third time in a decade in a small village in South Africa. Diphtheria is endemic to the area with many healthy villagers colonized with different bacterial strains. Vaccine distribution in this area is difficult due to treacherous terrain. A team of doctors is sent to the region to conduct a health campaign. Toxigenic strains of C. diphtheria are isolated from symptomatic patients. Which of the following best explains the initial emergence of a pathogenic strain causing such outbreaks?

AInfection with a lytic phage

BConjugation between the toxigenic and non-toxigenic strains of C. diphtheriae

CSuppression of lysogenic cycle

DLysogenic conversion

EPresence of naked DNA in the environment

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