A 49-year-old homeless man comes to the emergency department because of fatigue, cough, and worsening shortness of breath for 2 weeks. He was diagnosed with HIV-infection 25 years ago but has never had any symptoms. He has always refused to take antiretroviral medication. Pulmonary examination shows diffuse crackles over bilateral lower lung fields. An x-ray of the chest shows diffuse, symmetrical interstitial infiltrates. His serum level of beta-d-glucan is elevated. Further testing shows a heterozygous mutation that prevents entry of HIV into macrophages. Which of the following proteins is most likely affected by the mutation in this patient?
AICAM-1
BGp120
CCD4
DP antigen
ECCR5
A 25-year-old sexually active male presents to an internal medicine physician for a routine health check up after having several unprotected sexual encounters. After appropriate testing the physician discusses with the patient that he is HIV+ and must be started on anti-retroviral treatment. Which of the following medications prescribed acts on the gp41 subunit of the HIV envelope glycoprotein?
AZidovudine
BSaquinavir
CEnfuvirtide
DAmantadine
ERimantadine
An investigator is studying the rate of multiplication of hepatitis C virus in hepatocytes. The viral genomic material is isolated, enzymatically cleaved into smaller fragments and then separated on a formaldehyde agarose gel membrane. Targeted probes are then applied to the gel and visualized under x-ray. Which of the following is the most likely structure being identified by this test?
ALipid-linked oligosaccharides
BTranscription factors
CPolypeptides
DRibonucleic acids
EDeoxyribonucleic acids
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