A 28-year-old woman with a history of intravenous drug use is brought to the emergency department because of a 1-day history of fatigue, yellow eyes, confusion, and blood in her stools. She appears ill. Her temperature is 38.1°C (100.6°F). Physical examination shows pain in the right upper quadrant, diffuse jaundice with scleral icterus, and bright red blood in the rectal vault. Further evaluation demonstrates virions in her blood, some of which have a partially double-stranded DNA genome while others have a single-stranded RNA genome. They are found to share an identical lipoprotein envelope. This patient is most likely infected with which of the following pathogens?
ADeltavirus
BFilovirus
CCalicivirus
DHepevirus
EHerpesvirus
A 52-year-old male patient with chronic alcoholism presents to an ambulatory medical clinic, where the hepatologist elects to perform comprehensive hepatitis B screening, in addition to several other screening and preventative measures. Given the following choices, which serologic marker, if positive, would indicate the patient’s immunity to the hepatitis B virus?
AHBeAb
BHBeAg
CHBsAb
DHBsAg
EHBcAb
A 28-year-old woman comes to the emergency department for a 1-week history of jaundice and nausea. She recalls eating some seafood last weekend at a cookout. She lives at home with her 2-year-old son who attends a daycare center. The child's immunizations are up-to-date, and his last hepatitis A vaccine was administered 6 weeks ago. The woman's temperature is 37.5°C (99.5°F), pulse is 82/min, and blood pressure is 134/84 mm Hg. Examination shows scleral icterus. The liver is palpated 2-cm below the right costal margin and is tender. Her serum studies show: Total bilirubin 3.4 mg/dL Alkaline phosphatase 89 U/L AST 185 U/L ALT 723 U/L Hepatitis A IgM antibody positive Hepatitis B surface antibody positive Hepatitis B surface antigen negative Hepatitis B core IgM antibody negative Hepatitis C antibody negative Which of the following health maintenance recommendations is most appropriate for the child at this time?
AIsolate the child
BAdminister hepatitis B immunoglobulin and hepatitis B vaccine
CNo additional steps are needed
DAdminister hepatitis B immunoglobulin only
EAdminister hepatitis A vaccine and hepatitis A immunoglobulin
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