Medical management of ulcerative colitisDownloads

A 22-year-old woman comes to the physician because of abdominal pain and diarrhea for 2 months. The pain is intermittent, colicky and localized to her right lower quadrant. She has anorexia and fears eating due to the pain. She has lost 4 kg (8.8 lb) during this time. She has no history of a serious illness and takes no medications. Her temperature is 37.8°C (100.0°F), blood pressure 125/65 mm Hg, pulse 75/min, and respirations 14/min. An abdominal examination shows mild tenderness of the right lower quadrant on deep palpation without guarding. Colonoscopy shows small aphthous-like ulcers in the right colon and terminal ileum. Biopsy from the terminal ileum shows noncaseating granulomas in all layers of the bowel wall. Which of the following is the most appropriate pharmacotherapy at this time?

A 55-year-old woman presents with diarrhea and a rash. She reports having some painful reddish nodules on her legs that she noticed a week ago. She also has been having loose stools associated with cramping lower abdominal pain for the past month. This is associated with an urgency to defecate, and defecation helps relieve the abdominal pain. The stool is occasionally blood-tinged and has some mucus. She feels fatigued but denies fever, weight loss, exposure to any sick people, or history of travel recently. No significant past medical history. Her family history is significant for osteoporosis in her mother, aunt, and older sister. On physical examination, the patient has generalized pallor. There are multiple erythematous tender nodules over the extensor surface of the legs bilaterally below the level of the knee. Abdominal examination reveals mild tenderness to palpation in the left lower quadrant. A DEXA scan is performed and reveals a T-score of -1.5 at the hips and spine. Laboratory findings are significant for microcytic anemia and an elevated ESR. A colonoscopy is performed and reveals patchy inflammation of the colon with rectal sparing. The lesions are present in patches with intermittent normal colonic mucosa. The patient is started on sulfasalazine and shows a good response. However, 6 months later, she returns with a recurrence of her symptoms. A repeat colonoscopy reveals more extensive involvement of the colon and the small bowel. A second drug is added to her treatment regimen. Which of the following is the most common adverse effect associated with the use of this second drug?