The serum brain natriuretic peptide and N-terminal pro-BNP are elevated. A diagnosis of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction is made. In addition to supplemental oxygen therapy, which of the following is the most appropriate initial step in management?
AIntravenous dobutamine
BIntravenous furosemide therapy
CIntravenous morphine therapy
DThoracentesis
EIntermittent hemodialysis
A 72-year-old man is taken to the emergency room after losing consciousness. According to his wife, he suddenly complained of fluttering in his chest, lightheadedness, and profuse sweating while walking to the grocery store. He then turned gray, lost consciousness, and collapsed onto the ground. His medical history is significant for a prior anterior wall myocardial infarction 2 years ago that was complicated by severe left ventricular systolic dysfunction. His blood pressure is 80/50 mm Hg, the temperature is 36.7°C (98.0°F), and the carotid pulse is not palpable. An ECG was obtained and the results are shown in the picture. Cardiopulmonary resuscitation is initiated and the patient is cardioverted to sinus rhythm with an external defibrillator. The patient regains consciousness and states there was no antecedent chest discomfort. Cardiac enzymes are negative and serum electrolytes are normal. Which of the following is the best next step for this patient?
AIntravenous magnesium sulphate
BIntravenous adenosine
CImplantable cardioverter-defibrillator
DIntravenous metoprolol
ETemporary or permanent cardiac pacing
A 70-year-old Caucasian male visits your office regularly for treatment of New York Heart association class IV congestive heart failure. Which of the following medications would you add to this man's drug regimen in order to improve his overall survival?
ASpironolactone
BFurosemide
CAmiloride
DAcetazolamide
EHydrochlorothiazide
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