A 55-year-old male is hospitalized for acute heart failure. The patient has a 20-year history of alcoholism and was diagnosed with diabetes mellitus type 2 (DM2) 5 years ago. Physical examination reveals ascites and engorged paraumbilical veins as well as 3+ pitting edema around both ankles. Liver function tests show elevations in gamma glutamyl transferase and aspartate transaminase (AST). Of the following medication, which most likely contributed to this patient's presentation?
AGlargine
BPramlintide
CPioglitazone
DGlipizide
EMetformin
An endocrinologist is working with a pharmaceutical research company on a new drug for diabetes mellitus type 2 (DM2). In their experimental studies, they isolated a component from Gila monster saliva, which was found to have > 50% homology with glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP1). During the animal studies, the experimental drug was found to have no GLP1 agonist effect. Instead, it irreversibly binds DPP-IV with a higher affinity than GLP1. Which of the following drugs has a similar mechanism of action to this new experimental drug?
AMetformin
BSitagliptin
CCanagliflozin
DPramlintide
EExenatide
A 52-year-old man is seen by his endocrinologist for routine followup of his type 2 diabetes. Although he has previously been on a number of medication regimens, his A1C has remained significantly elevated. In order to try to better control his glucose level, the endocrinologist prescribes a new medication. He explains that this new medication works by blocking the ability of his kidneys to reabsorb glucose and therefore causes glucose wasting in the urine. Which of the following medications has this mechanism of action?
ACanagliflozin
BAcarbose
CMetformin
DGlyburide
EExenatide
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