A 17-year-old male presents to your office complaining of polyuria, polydipsia, and unintentional weight loss of 12 pounds over the past 3 months. On physical examination, the patient is tachypneic with labored breathing. Which of the following electrolyte abnormalities would you most likely observe in this patient?
AHypophosphatemia
BHypermagnesemia
CHyperkalemia
DHyponatremia
EHyperphosphatemia
A 32-year-old woman comes to the office for a regular follow-up. She was diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus 4 years ago. Her last blood test showed a fasting blood glucose level of 6.6 mmol/L (118.9 mg/dL) and HbA1c of 5.1%. No other significant past medical history. Current medications are metformin and a daily multivitamin. No significant family history. The physician wants to take her blood pressure measurements, but the patient states that she measures it every day in the morning and in the evening and even shows him a blood pressure diary with all the measurements being within normal limits. Which of the following statements is correct?
AThe physician has to measure the patient’s blood pressure because it is a standard of care for any person with diabetes mellitus who presents for a check-up.
BAssessment of blood pressure only needs to be done at the initial visit; it is not necessary to measure blood pressure in this patient at any follow-up appointments.
CThe physician should not measure the blood pressure in this patient and should simply make a note in a record showing the results from the patient’s diary.
DThe physician should not measure the blood pressure in this patient because she does not have hypertension or risk factors for hypertension.
EThe physician should not measure the blood pressure in this patient because the local standards of care in the physician's office differ from the national standards of care so measurements of this patient's blood pressure cannot be compared to diabetes care guidelines.
A 68-year-old man undergoes successful mechanical prosthetic aortic valve replacement for severe aortic valve stenosis. After the procedure, he is started on an oral medication and instructed that he should take for the rest of his life and that he should avoid consuming large amounts of dark-green, leafy vegetables. Which of the following laboratory parameters should be regularly monitored to guide dosing of this drug?
AD-dimer
BAnti-factor Xa activity
CActivated partial thromboplastin time
DProthrombin time
EThrombin time
+ 4 more in the PDF
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