Chapter·BiostatisticsP-values and confidence intervals

P-value controversy and alternativesDownloads

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1

Group of 100 medical students took an end of the year exam. The mean score on the exam was 70%, with a standard deviation of 25%. The professor states that a student's score must be within the 95% confidence interval of the mean to pass the exam. Which of the following is the minimum score a student can have to pass the exam?

A45%

B63.75%

C67.5%

D20%

E65%

2

You are reading through a recent article that reports significant decreases in all-cause mortality for patients with malignant melanoma following treatment with a novel biological infusion. Which of the following choices refers to the probability that a study will find a statistically significant difference when one truly does exist?

AType II error

BType I error

CConfidence interval

Dp-value

EPower

3

A pharmaceutical corporation is developing a research study to evaluate a novel blood test to screen for breast cancer. They enrolled 800 patients in the study, half of which have breast cancer. The remaining enrolled patients are age-matched controls who do not have the disease. Of those in the diseased arm, 330 are found positive for the test. Of the patients in the control arm, only 30 are found positive. What is this test’s sensitivity?

A330 / (330 + 30)

B330 / (330 + 70)

C370 / (30 + 370)

D370 / (70 + 370)

E330 / (400 + 400)

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