A 34-year-old woman comes to the emergency department because of a 2-hour history of abdominal pain, nausea, and vomiting that began an hour after she finished lunch. Examination shows abdominal guarding and rigidity; bowel sounds are reduced. Magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography shows the dorsal pancreatic duct draining into the minor papilla and a separate smaller duct draining into the major papilla. The spleen is located anterior to the left kidney. A disruption of which of the following embryological processes is the most likely cause of this patient's imaging findings?
AProliferation of mesenchyme in the dorsal mesentery
BDifferentiation of the proximal hepatic diverticulum
CFusion of the pancreatic buds
DRotation of the midgut
ERotation of the dorsal mesogastrium
During a surgical procedure to repair an abdominal aortic aneurysm, the surgeon must be careful to avoid injury to which of the following arterial structures that originates near the level of the renal vessels?
ALeft renal artery
BCeliac trunk
CRight renal artery
DSuperior mesenteric artery
A 52-year-old woman sees you in your office with a complaint of new-onset headaches over the past few weeks. On exam, you find a 2 x 2 cm dark, irregularly shaped, pigmented lesion on her back. She is concerned because her father recently passed away from skin cancer. What tissue type most directly gives rise to the lesion this patient is experiencing?
ANeural crest cells
BEndoderm
CMesoderm
DEctoderm
ENeuroectoderm
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