A 64-year-old woman presents to the surgical oncology clinic as a new patient for evaluation of recently diagnosed breast cancer. She has a medical history of type 2 diabetes mellitus for which she takes metformin. Her surgical history is a total knee arthroplasty 7 years ago. Her family history is insignificant. Physical examination is notable for an irregular nodule near the surface of her right breast. Her primary concern today is which surgical approach will be chosen to remove her breast cancer. Which of the following procedures involves the removal of a portion of a breast?
AArthroplasty
BLumpectomy
CVasectomy
DMastectomy
ELaminectomy
A 75-year-old woman with metastatic colon cancer comes to the physician requesting assistance in ending her life. She states: “I just can't take it anymore; the pain is unbearable. Please help me die.” Current medications include 10 mg oral hydrocodone every 12 hours. Her cancer has progressed despite chemotherapy and she is very frail. She lives alone and has no close family. Which of the following is the most appropriate initial action by the physician?
AConsult with the local ethics committee
BSubmit a referral to psychiatry
CSubmit a referral to hospice care
DIncrease her pain medication dose
EInitiate authorization of physician-assisted suicide
You conduct a medical research study to determine the screening efficacy of a novel serum marker for colon cancer. The study is divided into 2 subsets. In the first, there are 500 patients with colon cancer, of which 450 are found positive for the novel serum marker. In the second arm, there are 500 patients who do not have colon cancer, and only 10 are found positive for the novel serum marker. What is the overall sensitivity of this novel test?
A450 / (450 + 10)
B490 / (10 + 490)
C490 / (50 + 490)
D450 / (450 + 50)
E490 / (450 + 490)
+ 7 more in the PDF
Browse all chapters