A 21-year-old man presents to the emergency department after sustaining a stab wound to the neck at a local farmer's market. The patient is otherwise healthy and is complaining of pain. The patient is able to offer the history himself. His temperature is 97.6°F (36.4°C), blood pressure is 120/84 mmHg, pulse is 90/min, respirations are 15/min, and oxygen saturation is 98% on room air. Physical exam demonstrates a 3 cm laceration 1 cm inferior to the mastoid process on the right side. The patient's breath sounds are clear and he is protecting his airway. No stridor or difficulty breathing is noted. Which of the following is the most appropriate next step in the management of this patient?
AObservation and blood pressure monitoring
BIntubation
CCT angiogram
DSurgical exploration
A 60-year-old man is brought to the emergency department by his wife with a sudden onset of right-sided weakness 2 hours ago. He can speak clearly without difficulty and denies any similar symptoms in the past. Past medical history is significant for hypertension and diabetes, both poorly managed due to medication non-compliance. Family history is significant for heart disease and diabetes in multiple paternal and maternal relatives. His vital signs include: blood pressure 150/88 mm Hg, pulse 86/min, and respiratory rate 15/min. On physical examination, strength is 3/5 on the right and 5/5 on the left upper and lower extremities. The sensation is intact, and no impairments in balance or ataxias are present. An initial noncontrast CT scan of the head is unremarkable, but a repeat noncontrast CT scan of the head performed a month later reveals the 2 lesions circled in the image. Which of the following is the most likely diagnosis in this patient?
ACharcot-Bouchard aneurysm
BArteriovenous malformations
CHyaline arteriosclerosis
DHypertensive encephalopathy
ECarotid artery atherosclerosis
A 52-year-old woman is brought to the emergency department for a severe, sudden-onset headache, light-sensitivity, and neck stiffness that began 30 minutes ago. A CT scan of the head shows hyperdensity between the arachnoid mater and the pia mater. The patient undergoes an endovascular procedure. One week later, she falls as she is returning from the bathroom. Neurologic examination shows 3/5 strength in the right lower extremity and 5/5 in the left lower extremity. Treatment with which of the following drugs is most likely to have prevented the patient's current condition?
AFosphenytoin
BNitroglycerin
CEnalapril
DFresh frozen plasma
ENimodipine
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