A mother brings her 3-year-old son to the doctor because she is worried that he might be harming himself by constantly banging his head on the wall. He has been exhibiting this behavior for a few months. She is also worried because he has started to speak less than he used to and does not respond when his name is called. He seems aloof during playtime with other children and seems to have lost interest in most of his toys. What is the most likely diagnosis?
AAutism spectrum disorder
BAttention deficit hyperactivity disorder
CGeneralized anxiety disorder
DBipolar disorder
EObsessive-compulsive disorder
A 4-year-old boy is brought to the physician by his parents because of concerns about his behavior during the past year. His parents report that he often fails to answer when they call him and has regular unprovoked episodes of crying and screaming. At kindergarten, he can follow and participate in group activities, but does not follow his teacher's instructions when these are given to him directly. He is otherwise cheerful and maintains eye contact when spoken to but does not respond when engaged in play. He gets along well with friends and family. He started walking at the age of 11 months and can speak in two-to-three-word phrases. He often mispronounces words. Which of the following is the most likely diagnosis?
ASelective mutism
BHearing impairment
CConduct disorder
DSpecific-learning disorder
EAutistic spectrum disorder
A 4-year-old boy is brought to the physician because of non-fluent speech. His mother worries that his vocabulary is limited for his age and because he cannot use simple sentences to communicate. She says he enjoys playing with his peers and parents, but he has always lagged behind in his speaking and communication. His speech is frequently not understood by strangers. He physically appears normal. His height and weight are within the normal range for his age. He responds to his name, makes eye contact, and enjoys the company of his mother. Which of the following is the most appropriate next step in management?
AReferral to speech therapist
BEvaluate response to methylphenidate
CPsychiatric evaluation
DAudiology testing
EThyroid-stimulating hormone
+ 7 more in the PDF
Browse all chapters