A 24-year-old professional athlete is advised to train in the mountains to enhance his performance. After 5 months of training at an altitude of 1.5 km (5,000 feet), he is able to increase his running pace while competing at sea-level venues. Which of the following changes would produce the same effect on the oxygen-hemoglobin dissociation curve as this athlete's training did?
ADecreased 2,3-bisphosphoglycerate
BIncreased carbon monoxide inhalation
CDecreased temperature
DDecreased pH
EIncreased partial pressure of oxygen
A 24-year-old woman presents to the emergency department after she was found agitated and screaming for help in the middle of the street. She says she also has dizziness and tingling in the lips and hands. Her past medical history is relevant for general anxiety disorder, managed medically with paroxetine. At admission, her pulse is 125/min, respiratory rate is 25/min, and body temperature is 36.5°C (97.7°F). Physical examination is unremarkable. An arterial blood gas sample is taken. Which of the following results would you most likely expect to see in this patient?
ApH: increased, HCO3-: increased, Pco2: increased
BpH: decreased, HCO3-: decreased, Pco2: decreased
CpH: decreased, HCO3-: increased, Pco2: increased
DpH: increased, HCO3-: decreased, Pco2: decreased
EpH: normal, HCO3-: increased, Pco2: increased
An infant boy of unknown age and medical history is dropped off in the emergency department. The infant appears lethargic and has a large protruding tongue. Although the infant exhibits signs of neglect, he is in no apparent distress. The heart rate is 70/min, the respiratory rate is 30/min, and the temperature is 35.7°C (96.2°F). Which of the following is the most likely cause of the patient’s physical exam findings?
AAutosomal dominant mutation in the SERPING1 gene
BGenetic imprinting disorder affecting chromosome 11p15.5
CType I hypersensitivity reaction
DExcess growth hormone secondary to pituitary gland tumor
ECongenital agenesis of an endocrine gland in the anterior neck
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