A 25-year-old college student is diagnosed with acute myelogenous leukemia after presenting with a 3-week history of fever, malaise, and fatigue. He has a history of type 1 diabetes mellitus, multiple middle ear infections as a child, and infectious mononucleosis in high school. He currently smokes 1 pack of cigarettes per day, drinks a glass of wine per day, and denies any illicit drug use. The vital signs include: temperature 36.7°C (98.0°F), blood pressure 126/74 mm Hg, heart rate 87/min, and respiratory rate 17/min. On physical examination, his pulses are bounding; his complexion is pale, but breath sounds remain clear. A rapidly progressive form of leukemia is identified, and the patient is scheduled to start intravenous chemotherapy. Which of the following treatments should be given to this patient to prevent or decrease the likelihood of developing acute renal failure during treatment?
ASulfinpyrazone
BIndomethacin
CProbenecid
DColchicine
EAllopurinol
An 18-year-old man comes to the physician with his parents for a routine health maintenance examination. He noticed a swelling on his back 7 months ago. He has a history of using intravenous heroin but has not used illicit drugs for the past 2 months. There is no personal or family history of serious illness. Vital signs are within normal limits. Examination shows a 2-cm soft, lobulated, mobile swelling on the right side of his upper back. The mass slips away from the fingers when its edges are palpated. Healed track marks are present in the bilateral cubital fossae. The patient is told that the mass on his back is most likely a lipoma, a benign mass consisting of fat tissue that does not require any further treatment. He is aware of the diagnosis and informs you that he wants it removed for cosmetic reasons. Four months ago, he had asked another physician to remove it but the physician refused to perform the procedure since he did not consider it necessary. The patient is counseled regarding the potential benefits and risks of the excision and that there is a chance of recurrence. His parents ask the physician not to perform the excision. However, the patient insists on undergoing the procedure. Which of the following is the most appropriate next step in management?
ARefer to the hospital ethics committee
BAsk the patient to follow up in 6 months
CRequest parental consent
DPerform the excision
ERefer him to a methadone clinic
A 60-year-old female presents to her primary care physician complaining of bloating and fatigue over the past year. On examination, she has abdominal distension and ascites. Abdominal imaging reveals a mass-like lesion affecting the left ovary. A biopsy of the lesion demonstrates serous cystadenocarcinoma. She is subsequently started on a chemotherapeutic medication known to stabilize polymerized microtubules. Which of the following complications should this patient be monitored for following initiation of this medication?
APeripheral neuropathy
BPulmonary fibrosis
CAcoustic nerve damage
DHemorrhagic cystitis
ECardiotoxicity
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